Document

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 8-K

CURRENT REPORT

PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Date of Report: February 6, 2018

CUMMINS INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Indiana (State or other Jurisdiction of Incorporation)	1-4949 (Commission File Number)	35-0257090 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

500 Jackson Street

P. O. Box 3005

Columbus, IN 47202-3005

(Principal Executive Office) (Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (812) 377-5000

Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions (see General Instruction A.2. below):



[ ]	Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
[ ]	Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
[ ]	Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
[ ]	Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter)

Emerging growth Company o

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.o

Item 2.02. Results of Operations and Financial Condition.

On February 6, 2018, Cummins Inc. (“Cummins,” “the Company,” “the registrant,” “we,” “our,” or “us”) issued the attached press release reporting its financial results for the fourth quarter and full year of 2017, which is furnished herewith as Exhibit 99.

The information furnished pursuant to this Item 2.02, including Exhibit 99, shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”) or otherwise subject to the liabilities under that Section and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act.

Item 9.01. Financial Statements and Exhibits.


(d)	The following exhibit is furnished pursuant to Item 2.02 herewith:

99-Press Release dated February 6, 2018

SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.

Date: February 6, 2018

CUMMINS INC.

/s/ CHRISTOPHER C. CLULOW

Christopher C. Clulow

Vice President - Corporate Controller
(Principal Accounting Officer)

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Unaudited) (a)



	Three months ended
In millions, except per share amounts	December 31, 2017			December 31, 2016
NET SALES	$	5,476		$	4,503
Cost of sales	4,102			3,383
GROSS MARGIN	1,374			1,120
OPERATING EXPENSES AND INCOME
Selling, general and administrative expenses	633			519
Research, development and engineering expenses	207			158
Equity, royalty and interest income from investees	56			67
Loss contingency	5			—
Other operating income (expense), net	10			(3		)
OPERATING INCOME	595			507
Interest income	7			5
Interest expense	24			18
Other income, net	18			14
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES	596			508
Income tax expense	905			112
CONSOLIDATED NET (LOSS) INCOME	(309		)	396
Less: Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(35		)	18
NET (LOSS) INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO CUMMINS INC.	$	(274	)	$	378

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO CUMMINS INC.
Basic	$	(1.66	)	$	2.26
Diluted	$	(1.65	)	$	2.25

WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING
Basic	165.4			167.6
Diluted	166.2			168.1

CASH DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE	$	1.08		$	1.025

^(a) Prepared on an unaudited basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

(Unaudited) (a)




	Years ended December 31,
In millions, except per share amounts	2017			2016
NET SALES	$	20,428		$	17,509
Cost of sales	15,338			13,057
GROSS MARGIN	5,090			4,452
OPERATING EXPENSES AND INCOME
Selling, general and administrative expenses	2,390			2,046
Research, development and engineering expenses	752			636
Equity, royalty and interest income from investees	357			301
Loss contingency	5			138
Other operating income (expense), net	65			(5		)
OPERATING INCOME	2,365			1,928
Interest income	18			23
Interest expense	81			69
Other income, net	63			48
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES	2,365			1,930
Income tax expense	1,371			474
CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME	994			1,456
Less: Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(5		)	62
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO CUMMINS INC.	$	999		$	1,394

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO CUMMINS INC.
Basic	$	5.99		$	8.25
Diluted	$	5.97		$	8.23

WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING
Basic	166.6			169.0
Diluted	167.3			169.3

CASH DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE	$	4.21		$	4.00

^(a) Prepared on an unaudited basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited) (a)



In millions, except par value	December 31, 2017			December 31, 2016
ASSETS
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,369		$	1,120
Marketable securities	198			260
Total cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities	1,567			1,380
Accounts and notes receivable, net	3,618			3,025
Inventories	3,166			2,675
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	577			627
Total current assets	8,928			7,707
Long-term assets
Property, plant and equipment, net	3,927			3,800
Investments and advances related to equity method investees	1,156			946
Goodwill	1,082			480
Other intangible assets, net	973			332
Pension assets	1,043			731
Other assets	966			1,015
Total assets	$	18,075		$	15,011

LIABILITIES
Current liabilities
Accounts payable (principally trade)	$	2,579		$	1,854
Loans payable	57			41
Commercial paper	298			212
Accrued compensation, benefits and retirement costs	811			412
Current portion of accrued product warranty	454			333
Current portion of deferred revenue	500			468
Other accrued expenses	915			970
Current maturities of long-term debt	63			35
Total current liabilities	5,677			4,325
Long-term liabilities
Long-term debt	1,588			1,568
Postretirement benefits other than pensions	289			329
Pensions	330			326
Other liabilities and deferred revenue	2,027			1,289
Total liabilities	$	9,911		$	7,837

EQUITY
Cummins Inc. shareholders’ equity
Common stock, $2.50 par value, 500 shares authorized, 222.4 and 222.4 shares issued	$	2,210		$	2,153
Retained earnings	11,464			11,040
Treasury stock, at cost, 56.7 and 54.2 shares	(4,905		)	(4,489		)
Common stock held by employee benefits trust, at cost, 0.5 and 0.7 shares	(7		)	(8		)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(1,503		)	(1,821		)
Total Cummins Inc. shareholders’ equity	7,259			6,875
Noncontrolling interests	905			299
Total equity	$	8,164		$	7,174
Total liabilities and equity	$	18,075		$	15,011

^(a) Prepared on an unaudited basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited) (a)



	Years ended December 31,
In millions	2017			2016
NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES	$	2,277		$	1,939

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Capital expenditures	(506		)	(531		)
Investments in internal use software	(81		)	(63		)
Proceeds from disposals of property, plant and equipment	110			14
Investments in and advances to equity investees	(66		)	(41		)
Acquisitions of businesses, net of cash acquired	(662		)	(94		)
Investments in marketable securities—acquisitions	(194		)	(478		)
Investments in marketable securities—liquidations	266			306
Proceeds from sale of equity investees	—			60
Cash flows from derivatives not designated as hedges	76			(102		)
Other, net	5			12
Net cash used in investing activities	(1,052		)	(917		)

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from borrowings	6			111
Net borrowings of commercial paper	86			212
Payments on borrowings and capital lease obligations	(60		)	(163		)
Net borrowings under short-term credit agreements	12			19
Distributions to noncontrolling interests	(29		)	(65		)
Dividend payments on common stock	(701		)	(676		)
Repurchases of common stock	(451		)	(778		)
Acquisitions of noncontrolling interests	—			(98		)
Other, net	63			25
Net cash used in financing activities	(1,074		)	(1,413		)
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	98			(200		)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	249			(591		)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	1,120			1,711
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF PERIOD	$	1,369		$	1,120

^(a) Prepared on an unaudited basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

SEGMENT INFORMATION

(Unaudited)



		In millions	Engine			Distribution				Components ⁽¹⁾			Power Systems				Total Segment			Intersegment Eliminations ⁽²⁾			Total
		Three months ended December 31, 2017
		External sales	$	1,710		$	1,928			$	1,180		$	658			$	5,476		$	—		$	5,476
		Intersegment sales	577			10				378			445				1,410			(1,410		)	—
		Total sales	2,287			1,938				1,558			1,103				6,886			(1,410		)	5,476
		Depreciation and amortization ⁽³⁾	47			26				46			30				149			—			149
		Research, development and engineering expenses	79			5				70			53				207			—			207
		Equity, royalty and interest income from investees ⁽⁴⁾	33			9				—			14				56			—			56
		Interest income	2			2				2			1				7			—			7
		EBIT	224			97				168			95				584			36			620

		EBIT as a percentage of total sales	9.8		%	5.0		%		10.8		%	8.6		%		8.5		%				11.3		%

		Three months ended December 31, 2016
		External sales	$	1,424		$	1,664			$	860		$	555			$	4,503		$	—		$	4,503
		Intersegment sales	543			6				317			377				1,243			(1,243		)	—
		Total sales	1,967			1,670				1,177			932				5,746			(1,243		)	4,503
		Depreciation and amortization ⁽³⁾	41			31				38			28				138			—			138
		Research, development and engineering expenses	60			3				47			48				158			—			158
		Equity, royalty and interest income from investees	28			14				12			13				67			—			67
		Interest income	2			1				1			1				5			—			5
		EBIT	194			122			⁽⁵⁾	140			68			⁽⁶⁾	524			2			526

		EBIT as a percentage of total sales	9.9		%	7.3		%		11.9		%	7.3		%		9.1		%				11.7		%

(1	)	The 2017 disclosures include Eaton Cummins Automated Transmission Technologies joint venture results consolidated during the third quarter of 2017.
(2	)	Includes intersegment sales, intersegment profit in inventory eliminations and unallocated corporate expenses. There were no significant unallocated corporate expenses for the three months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.
(3	)	Depreciation and amortization as shown on a segment basis excludes the amortization of debt discount and deferred costs included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income as "Interest expense."
(4	)	U.S. tax legislation passed in December 2017 decreased our equity earnings at certain equity investees, negatively impacting our equity, royalty and interest income from investees by $23 million, $4 million and $12 million for the Engine, Distribution and Components segments, respectively.
(5	)	Distribution segment EBIT included a gain of $15 million on the fair value adjustment resulting from the acquisition of the controlling interest in a North American distributor in the fourth quarter of 2016.
(6	)	In the fourth quarter of 2016, we sold our remaining 49 percent interest in Cummins Olayan Energy for $61 million and recognized a gain of $17 million.

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

SEGMENT INFORMATION

(Unaudited)




		In millions	Engine			Distribution				Components ⁽¹⁾			Power Systems				Total Segment			Intersegment Eliminations ⁽²⁾			Total
		Year ended December 31, 2017
		External sales	$	6,661		$	7,029			$	4,363		$	2,375			$	20,428		$	—		$	20,428
		Intersegment sales	2,292			29				1,526			1,683				5,530			(5,530		)	—
		Total sales	8,953			7,058				5,889			4,058				25,958			(5,530		)	20,428
		Depreciation and amortization ⁽³⁾	184			116				163			117				580			—			580
		Research, development and engineering expenses	279			19				240			214				752			—			752
		Equity, royalty and interest income from investees ⁽⁴⁾	219			44				40			54				357			—			357
		Interest income	6			6				3			3				18			—			18
		EBIT	959			384				754			294				2,391			55			2,446

		EBIT as a percentage of total sales	10.7		%	5.4		%		12.8		%	7.2		%		9.2		%				12.0		%

		Year ended December 31, 2016
		External sales	$	5,774		$	6,157			$	3,514		$	2,064			$	17,509		$	—		$	17,509
		Intersegment sales	2,030			24				1,322			1,453				4,829			(4,829		)	—
		Total sales	7,804			6,181				4,836			3,517				22,338			(4,829		)	17,509
		Depreciation and amortization ⁽³⁾	163			116				133			115				527			—			527
		Research, development and engineering expenses	226			13				208			189				636			—			636
		Equity, royalty and interest income from investees	148			70				41			42				301			—			301
		Loss contingency	138			—				—			—				138			—			138
		Interest income	10			4				4			5				23			—			23
		EBIT	686			392			⁽⁵⁾	641			263			⁽⁶⁾	1,982			17			1,999

		EBIT as a percentage of total sales	8.8		%	6.3		%		13.3		%	7.5		%		8.9		%				11.4		%

(1	)	The 2017 disclosures include Eaton Cummins Automated Transmission Technologies joint venture results consolidated during the third quarter of 2017.
(2	)	Includes intersegment sales, intersegment profit in inventory eliminations and unallocated corporate expenses. There were no significant unallocated corporate expenses for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.
(3	)	Depreciation and amortization as shown on a segment basis excludes the amortization of debt discount and deferred costs included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income as "Interest expense." The amortization of debt discount and deferred costs was $3 million for both years ended December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
(4	)	U.S. tax legislation passed in December 2017 decreased our equity earnings at certain equity investees, negatively impacting our equity, royalty and interest income from investees by $23 million, $4 million and $12 million for the Engine, Distribution and Component segments, respectively.
(5	)	Distribution segment EBIT included a gain of $15 million on the fair value adjustment resulting from the acquisition of the controlling interests in a North American distributor in the fourth quarter of 2016.
(6	)	In the fourth quarter of 2016, we sold our remaining 49 percent interest in Cummins Olayan Energy for $61 million and recognized a gain of $17 million.

A reconciliation of our segment information to the corresponding amounts in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income is shown in the table below:



	Three months ended				Years ended
In millions	December 31, 2017		December 31, 2016		December 31, 2017		December 31, 2016
Total EBIT	$	620	$	526	$	2,446	$	1,999
Less: Interest expense	24		18		81		69
Income before income taxes	$	596	$	508	$	2,365	$	1,930

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

SELECT FOOTNOTE DATA

(Unaudited)

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Our consolidated financial statements were prepared based on proposed guidance provided by the Financial Accounting Standards Board in their Exposure Draft (ED) released on January 18, 2018, regarding the reclassification of certain stranded effects of income taxes in accumulated other comprehensive income resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017. The ED was not final on our earnings release date of February 6, 2018, but is expected to be final when we file our 2017 Form 10-K the week of February 12, 2018.

EQUITY, ROYALTY AND INTEREST INCOME FROM INVESTEES

Equity, royalty and interest income from investees included in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the reporting periods was as follows:



	Three months ended							Years ended
In millions	December 31, 2017				December 31, 2016			December 31, 2017				December 31, 2016
Distribution entities
Komatsu Cummins Chile, Ltda.	$	7			$	8		$	30			$	34
North American distributors	—				3			—				21
All other distributors	—				(2		)	(1		)		—
Manufacturing entities
Dongfeng Cummins Engine Company, Ltd.	17				14			73				46
Beijing Foton Cummins Engine Co., Ltd.	15				(7		)	94				52
Chongqing Cummins Engine Company, Ltd.	11				10			41				38
Dongfeng Cummins Emission Solutions Co., Ltd.	3				4			13				9
Shanghai Fleetguard Filter Co., Ltd.	2				3			12				10
Cummins Westport, Inc.	—			⁽¹⁾	6			9			⁽¹⁾	11
All other manufacturers	(12		)	⁽¹⁾	16			37			⁽¹⁾	39
Cummins share of net income	43				55			308				260
Royalty and interest income	13				12			49				41
Equity, royalty and interest income from investees	$	56			$	67		$	357			$	301

___________________________________________________________

⁽¹⁾U.S. tax legislation passed in December 2017 decreased our equity earnings at certain equity investees, including a $7 million unfavorable impact to Cummins Westport, Inc. due to the remeasurement of deferred taxes and a $32 million unfavorable impact to "All other manufacturers" due to withholding tax adjustments on foreign earnings.

INCOME TAXES

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. enacted the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (Tax Legislation). Among other things, the Tax Legislation changed the U.S. statutory rate to 21 percent effective January 1, 2018. The impact of the Tax Legislation resulted in a net incremental charge to our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income of $777 million. The components of the 2017 charge were as follows:



In millions	Impact of Tax Legislation
Increase in income tax expense	$	781
Decrease in equity, royalty and other income from investees	39
Increase in income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(43		)
Net impact of Tax Legislation	$	777

The $781 million increase in tax expense is composed of three elements - the remeasurement of deferred taxes, a one-time transitional tax on unrepatriated earnings and withholding taxes on foreign earnings.

We remeasured certain deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the rates at which they are expected to reverse in the future, which is generally 21 percent. We are still analyzing certain aspects of the Tax Legislation and refining our calculations, which could potentially affect the measurement of these balances. The provisional amount related to the remeasurement of our deferred tax balance is an incremental tax expense of $152 million.

The one-time transition tax is based on our total post-1986 unrepatriated earnings and profits not previously subject to U.S. income tax. The recorded provisional amount for our one-time transition tax is a tax expense of $298 million.

Withholding tax is an additional cost associated with the distribution of earnings from some jurisdictions. As a result of the Tax Legislation, we reconsidered previous assertions regarding earnings that were considered permanently reinvested, which requires us to record withholding taxes on earnings likely to be distributed in the foreseeable future. The assertion as to which earnings are permanently reinvested for purposes of calculating withholding tax is provisional as we refine the underlying calculations of the amount of earnings subject to the tax and the rate at which it will be taxed. The recorded provisional amount for the withholding tax resulted in an incremental tax expense of $331 million.

Our unconsolidated equity investees were also unfavorably impacted by the new tax legislation by $39 million, due to $32 million of withholding taxes on foreign earnings and $7 million due to the remeasurement of deferred taxes. In addition, our noncontrolling interests included a $43 million credit related to the withholding taxes on foreign earnings.

Our income tax rates are generally less than the 35 percent U.S. statutory income tax rate, primarily because of lower taxes on foreign earnings and research tax credits. Our effective tax rate for 2017 was 151.8 percent and 58.0 percent for the fourth quarter and full year, respectively, compared to 22.0 percent and 24.6 percent for the fourth quarter and full year in 2016. Our 2017 effective tax rate excluding the Tax Legislation was 19.5 percent and 24.5 percent for the fourth quarter and full year, respectively.

We expect our 2018 effective tax rate to be 23 percent, excluding any discrete items (including adjustments to provisional estimates) that may arise.

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

FINANCIAL MEASURES THAT SUPPLEMENT GAAP

(Unaudited)

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income excluding impacts of Tax Legislation



Cummins Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

	Three months ended
	December 31, 2017
In millions, except per share amounts	As Reported Under GAAP			Excluding Tax Legislation Impact			Adjusted Excluding Tax Impact
NET SALES	$	5,476		$	—		$	5,476
Cost of sales	4,102			—			4,102
GROSS MARGIN	1,374			—			1,374
OPERATING EXPENSES AND INCOME
Selling, general and administrative expenses	633			—			633
Research, development and engineering expenses	207			—			207
Equity, royalty and interest income from investees	56			39			95
Loss contingency	5			—			5
Other operating income (expense), net	10			—			10
OPERATING INCOME	595			39			634
Interest income	7			—			7
Interest expense	24			—			24
Other income, net	18			—			18
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES	596			39			635
Income tax expense	905			(781		)	124
CONSOLIDATED NET (LOSS) INCOME	(309		)	820			511
Less: Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(35		)	43			8
NET (LOSS) INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO CUMMINS INC.	$	(274	)	$	777		$	503

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO CUMMINS INC.
Basic	$	(1.66	)	$	4.70		$	3.04
Diluted	$	(1.65	)	$	4.68		$	3.03

WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING
Basic	165.4			—			165.4
Diluted	166.2			—			166.2

CASH DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE	$	1.08		$	—		$	1.08

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

FINANCIAL MEASURES THAT SUPPLEMENT GAAP

(Unaudited)



Cummins Inc. and Subsidiaries
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

	Year ended
	December 31, 2017
In millions, except per share amounts	As Reported Under GAAP			Excluding Tax Legislation Impact			Adjusted Excluding Tax Impact
NET SALES	$	20,428		$	—		$	20,428
Cost of sales	15,338			—			15,338
GROSS MARGIN	5,090			—			5,090
OPERATING EXPENSES AND INCOME
Selling, general and administrative expenses	2,390			—			2,390
Research, development and engineering expenses	752			—			752
Equity, royalty and interest income from investees	357			39			396
Loss contingency	5			—			5
Other operating income (expense), net	65			—			65
OPERATING INCOME	2,365			39			2,404
Interest income	18			—			18
Interest expense	81			—			81
Other income, net	63			—			63
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES	2,365			39			2,404
Income tax expense	1,371			(781		)	590
CONSOLIDATED NET INCOME	994			820			1,814
Less: Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(5		)	43			38
NET INCOME ATTRIBUTABLE TO CUMMINS INC.	$	999		$	777		$	1,776

EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE ATTRIBUTABLE TO CUMMINS INC.
Basic	$	5.99		$	4.66		$	10.65
Diluted	$	5.97		$	4.65		$	10.62

WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING
Basic	166.6			—			166.6
Diluted	167.3			—			167.3

CASH DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE	$	4.21		$	—		$	4.21

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

FINANCIAL MEASURES THAT SUPPLEMENT GAAP

(Unaudited)

Reconciliation of Non GAAP measures - Earnings before interest, income taxes and noncontrolling interests

We define EBIT as earnings before interest expense, income tax expense and noncontrolling interests in income of consolidated subsidiaries. We use EBIT to assess and measure the performance of our operating segments and also as a component in measuring our variable compensation programs. This measure is not in accordance with, or an alternative for, accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and may not be consistent with measures used by other companies. It should be considered supplemental data. Below is a reconciliation of “Net income attributable to Cummins Inc.” to EBIT for each of the applicable periods:



	Three months ended						Years ended
In millions	December 31, 2017			December 31, 2016			December 31, 2017			December 31, 2016
Net (loss) income attributable to Cummins Inc.	$	(274	)	$	378		$	999		$	1,394

Net (loss) income attributable to Cummins Inc. as a percentage of net sales	(5.0		)%	8.4		%	4.9		%	8.0		%

Add
Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(35		)	18			(5		)	62
Consolidated net (loss) income	(309		)	396			994			1,456

Add
Interest expense	24			18			81			69
Income tax expense	905			112			1,371			474
EBIT	620			526			2,446			1,999

EBIT as a percentage of net sales	11.3		%	11.7		%	12.0		%	11.4		%

Impact of tax legislation on equity investees	39			—			39			—

EBIT, excluding impact of tax legislation on equity investees	$	659		$	526		$	2,485		$	1,999

EBIT, excluding impact of tax legislation on equity investees, as a percentage of net sales	12.0		%	11.7		%	12.2		%	11.4		%

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

FINANCIAL MEASURES THAT SUPPLEMENT GAAP

(Unaudited)

Reconciliation of Non GAAP measures - Earnings before interest, income taxes, noncontrolling interests, depreciation and amortization

We define EBITDA as earnings before interest expense, income tax expense, noncontrolling interests, depreciation and amortization in income of consolidated subsidiaries. We will use EBITDA to assess and measure the performance of our operating segments and also as a component in measuring our variable compensation programs beginning January 1, 2018. This measure is not in accordance with, or an alternative for, accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and may not be consistent with measures used by other companies. It should be considered supplemental data. Below is a reconciliation of “Net income attributable to Cummins Inc.” to EBITDA for each of the applicable periods:



	Three months ended						Years ended
In millions	December 31, 2017			December 31, 2016			December 31, 2017			December 31, 2016
Net (loss) income attributable to Cummins Inc.	$	(274	)	$	378		$	999		$	1,394

Net (loss) income attributable to Cummins Inc. as a percentage of net sales	(5.0		)%	8.4		%	4.9		%	8.0		%

Add
Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests	(35		)	18			(5		)	62
Consolidated net (loss) income	(309		)	396			994			1,456

Add
Interest expense	24			18			81			69
Income tax expense	905			112			1,371			474
EBIT	620			526			2,446			1,999

Add
Depreciation and amortization	149			138			580			527
EBITDA	769			664			3,026			2,526

EBITDA as a percentage of net sales	14.0		%	14.7		%	14.8		%	14.4		%

Impact of tax legislation on equity investees	39			—			39			—

EBITDA, excluding impact of tax legislation on equity investees	$	730		$	664		$	3,065		$	2,526

EBITDA, excluding tax legislation impact on equity investees, as a percentage of net sales	13.3		%	14.7		%	15.0		%	14.4		%

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

BUSINESS UNIT SALES DATA

(Unaudited)

Engine Segment Sales by Market and Unit Shipments by Engine Classification

Sales for our Engine segment by market were as follows:



2017
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Heavy-duty truck	$	620	$	714	$	776	$	730	$	2,840
Medium-duty truck and bus	544		701		625		643		2,513
Light-duty automotive	423		429		452		423		1,727
Off-highway	436		463		483		491		1,873
Total sales	$	2,023	$	2,307	$	2,336	$	2,287	$	8,953

2016
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Heavy-duty truck	$	631	$	622	$	625	$	565	$	2,443
Medium-duty truck and bus	549		600		517		606		2,272
Light-duty automotive	433		394		345		409		1,581
Off-highway	363		386		372		387		1,508
Total sales	$	1,976	$	2,002	$	1,859	$	1,967	$	7,804

Unit shipments by engine classification (including unit shipments to Power Systems and off-highway engine units included in their respective classification) were as follows:



2017
Units	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	YTD
Heavy-duty	19,200	24,100	28,100	24,500	95,900
Medium-duty	60,300	71,600	68,500	67,700	268,100
Light-duty	63,100	65,600	66,300	62,500	257,500
Total units	142,600	161,300	162,900	154,700	621,500

2016
Units	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	YTD
Heavy-duty	19,700	20,700	20,100	18,500	79,000
Medium-duty	55,400	62,300	53,400	58,000	229,100
Light-duty	61,700	57,100	49,800	60,000	228,600
Total units	136,800	140,100	123,300	136,500	536,700

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

BUSINESS UNIT SALES DATA

(Unaudited)

Distribution Segment Sales by Product Line

Sales for our Distribution segment by product line were as follows:



2017
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Parts	$	745	$	759	$	768	$	768	$	3,040
Service	319		320		326		347		1,312
Power generation	306		329		317		385		1,337
Engines	275		314		342		438		1,369
Total sales	$	1,645	$	1,722	$	1,753	$	1,938	$	7,058

2016
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Parts	$	648	$	642	$	643	$	694	$	2,627
Service	299		297		299		320		1,215
Power generation	275		326		291		347		1,239
Engines	241		279		271		309		1,100
Total sales	$	1,463	$	1,544	$	1,504	$	1,670	$	6,181

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

BUSINESS UNIT SALES DATA

(Unaudited)

Component Segment Sales by Business

In the first quarter of 2017, our Components segment reorganized its reporting structure to move our electronics business out of the emission solutions business and into the fuel systems business to enhance operational, administrative and product development efficiencies. Prior year sales were reclassified to conform with this change. We renamed our fuel systems business to electronics and fuel systems.

In the third quarter of 2017, we formed the Eaton Cummins Automated Transmission Technologies joint venture (ECJV), which was consolidated and included in our Components segment as the automated transmissions business.

Sales for our Components segment by product line were as follows:



2017
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Emission solutions	$	616	$	674	$	696	$	689	$	2,675
Turbo technologies	287		307		297		288		1,179
Filtration	277		291		287		298		1,153
Electronics and fuel systems	164		182		184		188		718
Automated transmissions	—		—		69		95		164
Total sales	$	1,344	$	1,454	$	1,533	$	1,558	$	5,889

2016
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Emission solutions	$	589	$	603	$	522	$	524	$	2,238
Turbo technologies	265		276		241		254		1,036
Filtration	252		262		244		252		1,010
Electronics and fuel systems	131		138		136		147		552
Total sales	$	1,237	$	1,279	$	1,143	$	1,177	$	4,836

2015
In millions	YTD
Emission solutions	$	2,449
Turbo technologies	1,141
Filtration	1,010
Electronics and fuel systems	572
Total sales	$	5,172

CUMMINS INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

BUSINESS UNIT SALES DATA

(Unaudited)

Power Systems Segment Sales by Product Line and Unit Shipments by Engine Classification

In the first quarter of 2017, our Power Systems segment reorganized its product lines to better reflect how the segment is managed. Prior year sales were reclassified to reflect these changes.

Sales for our Power Systems segment by product line were as follows:



2017
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Power generation	$	526	$	570	$	580	$	629	$	2,305
Industrial	275		353		385		386		1,399
Generator technologies	81		94		91		88		354
Total sales	$	882	$	1,017	$	1,056	$	1,103	$	4,058

2016
In millions	Q1		Q2		Q3		Q4		YTD
Power generation	$	518	$	602	$	543	$	593	$	2,256
Industrial	215		236		235		255		941
Generator technologies	75		83		78		84		320
Total sales	$	808	$	921	$	856	$	932	$	3,517

2015
In millions	YTD
Power generation	$	2,588
Industrial	1,121
Generator technologies	358
Total sales	$	4,067

High-horsepower unit shipments by engine classification were as follows:



2017
Units	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	YTD
Power generation	1,900	2,100	2,200	2,000	8,200
Industrial	1,300	1,700	1,600	1,800	6,400
Total units	3,200	3,800	3,800	3,800	14,600

2016
Units	Q1	Q2	Q3	Q4	YTD
Power generation	1,800	2,200	2,000	1,900	7,900
Industrial	1,000	1,100	1,000	1,300	4,400
Total units	2,800	3,300	3,000	3,200	12,300