UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
 

For the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2007

 Commission File Number 1-4949


CUMMINS INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Indiana
(State of Incorporation)

35‑0257090
(IRS Employer Identification No.)

500 Jackson Street

Box 3005

Columbus, Indiana 47202-3005
(Address of principal executive offices)
 

Telephone (812) 377-5000

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

          

 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes  x  No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of "accelerated filer and large accelerated filer" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):


Large accelerated filer x     Accelerated filer  ¨  Non-accelerated filer ¨
 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨  No x

As of September 30, 2007, there were 102,127,420 shares of common stock outstanding with a par value of $2.50 per share.

Website Access to Company's Reports

Cummins maintains an internet website at www.cummins.com.  Investors can obtain copies of our filings from this website free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 


CUMMINS INC.  AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

 

  

Page

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

   

ITEM 1.

Condensed Financial Statements (Unaudited)

3

     

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and October 1, 2006

3
 

     

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006

4

     

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and October 1, 2006

5
 

     

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

7

ITEM 2.

Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

16

   

ITEM 3.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

33

   

ITEM 4.

Controls and Procedures

33

   

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

     

ITEM 1.

Legal Proceedings

34

ITEM 1A.

Risk Factors

34

   

ITEM 2.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

34

     

ITEM 6.

Exhibits

35

   

Signatures

36


PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. Condensed Financial Statements

CUMMINS INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS

(Unaudited)
 

 

 

Three months ended

 

Nine months ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

Millions

(except per share amounts)

Net sales (includes related party sales of $458, $401, $1,280 and $1,159, respectively)

$

3,372

$

2,809

$

9,532

$

8,329

Cost of  sales

2,720

2,192

7,658

6,500

Gross margin

652

617

1,874

1,829

                 

Operating expenses and income

Selling and administrative expenses

340

291

937

853

Research and engineering expenses

82

81

236

243

Investee equity, royalty and other income (Note 5)

58

37

146

105

Other operating income (expense), net

1

(4

)

6

(3

)

 

Operating earnings

289

278

853

835

                 

Interest income

9

14

27

33

Interest expense

14

23

44

76

Other income, net

8

4

23

8

Earnings before income taxes and minority interests

292

273

859

800

                 

Provision for income taxes (Note 6)

97

92

284

244

Minority interests in earnings of consolidated subsidiaries

11

10

34

30

Net earnings

$

184

$

171

$

541

$

526

 

Earnings per common share (Note 7)

Basic

$

1.86

$

1.70

$

5.43

$

5.62

Diluted

$

1.84

$

1.69

$

5.39

$

5.23

                         

Cash dividends declared per share

$

0.25

$

0.18

$

0.61

$

0.48

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.


 

CUMMINS INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

 

 

 

September 30,

 

December 31,

 

 

 

       2007       

 

       2006       

 

 

 

Millions,
(except par value)

 

ASSETS

Current assets

Cash and cash equivalents

$

624

$

 840

Marketable securities

120

95

Receivables, net (includes related party receivables of $236 and $180, respectively)

2,025

1,767

Inventories (Note 8)

1,770

1,393

Deferred income taxes

265

277

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

143

116

Total current assets

4,947

4,488

Long-term assets

Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $2,650 and $2,521

1,544

1,574

Investments in and advances to equity investees

448

345

Goodwill (Note 9)

371

356

Other intangible assets, net (Note 9)

160

128

Deferred income taxes

366

433

Other assets

196

141

Total assets

$

8,032

$

7,465

LIABILITIES

Current liabilities

Short-term borrowings

$

115

$

164

Accounts payable

1,345

1,104

Other accrued expenses

1,244

1,131

Total current liabilities

2,704

2,399

Long-term liabilities

Long-term debt

549

647

Pensions

260

367

Postretirement benefits other than pensions

507

523

Other liabilities and deferred revenue

542

473

Total liabilities

4,562

4,409

Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)

-

-

MINORITY INTERESTS

275

254

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

Common stock, $2.50 par value, 300 shares authorized, 110.2 and 110.0 shares issued

276

137

Additional paid-in capital

1,426

1,500

Retained earnings

2,488

2,009

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Defined benefit postretirement plans

(528

)

(511

)

Other

96

(15

)

Total accumulated other comprehensive loss

(432

)

(526

)

Treasury stock, at cost, 8.1 and 5.8 shares

(469

)

(212

)

Common stock held in trust for employee benefit plans, 3.4 and 3.8 shares

(82

)

(92

)

Unearned compensation

(12

)

(14

)

Total shareholders' equity

3,195

2,802

Total liabilities, minority interests and shareholders' equity

$

8,032

$

7,465

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.

CUMMINS INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)
 

 

Nine months ended

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

2007

 

2006

Cash flows from operating activities

Millions

Net earnings

$

541

$

526

Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization

215

222

Net (gain) loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment

(8

)

3

Deferred income tax provision              

69

141

Equity in earnings of investees, net of dividends

(55

)

(37

)

Minority interests in earnings of consolidated subsidiaries

34

30

Pension expense (Note 4)

73

89

Pension contributions

(144

)

(154

)

Other post-retirement benefit expense, net of cash payments (Note 4)

(22

)

(25

)

Stock-based compensation expense

20

13

Translation and hedging activities

(19

)

(19

)

Changes in current assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:

Receivables

(222

)

(232

)

Inventories

(329

)

(200

)

Other current assets

(22

)

(19

)

Accounts payable

218

132

Accrued expenses

110

89

Changes in long-term liabilities

65

11

Other, net

(1

)

43

Net cash provided by operating activities

523

613

Cash flows from investing activities

Capital expenditures

(182

)

(152

)

Investments in internal use software

(46

)

(33

)

Proceeds from disposals of property, plant and equipment

33

32

Investments in and advances to equity investees

(27

)

(10

)

Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired

(20

)

-

Investments in marketable securities-acquisitions

(307

)

(180

)

Investments in marketable securities-liquidations

295

159

Purchase of other investments

(52

)

-

Other, net

(17

)

(1

)

Net cash used in investing activities

(323

)

(185

)

Cash flows from financing activities

Proceeds from borrowings

3

80

Payments on borrowings and capital lease obligations

(122

)

(132

)

Net borrowings under short-term credit agreements

(14

)

(1

)

Distributions to minority shareholders

(15

)

(16

)

Dividend payments on common stock

(63

)

(47

)

Tax benefit on share-based awards

11

6

Proceeds from issuing common stock

3

8

Repurchases of common stock

(210

)

(76

)

Other, net

(20

)

(5

)

Net cash used in financing activities

(427

)

(183

)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

11

3

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

(216

)

248

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

840

779

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

$

624

$

1,027

 

Cash payments for:

Interest

$

52

$

81

Income taxes

$

201

$

102

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the condensed consolidated financial statements.
 


CUMMINS INC.  AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

TABLE OF CONTENTS

QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q

 

  

Page

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

   

NOTE 1

NATURE OF OPERATIONS

7

     

NOTE 2

BASIS OF PRESENTATION

7

     

NOTE 3

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

8

     

NOTE 4

PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS

8

     

NOTE 5

INVESTEE EQUITY, ROYALTY AND OTHER INCOME

9

     

NOTE 6

INCOME TAXES   

9

   

NOTE 7

EARNINGS PER SHARE

10

   

NOTE 8

INVENTORIES

10

   

NOTE 9

GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

10

     

NOTE 10

SALE OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

11

   

NOTE 11

PRODUCT WARRANTY LIABILITY

11

     

NOTE 12

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

11

     

NOTE 13

COMPREHENSIVE EARNINGS

13

   

NOTE 14

OPERATING SEGMENTS

13

 



 

CUMMINS INC. AND CONSOLIDATED SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

 

NOTE 1.  NATURE OF OPERATIONS
 

Cummins Inc. ("Cummins," "the Company," "the registrant," "we," "our," or "us") is a global power leader that designs, manufactures, distributes and services diesel and natural gas engines, electric power generation systems and engine-related component products, including filtration and emissions solutions, fuel systems, controls and air handling systems. We were founded in 1919 as one of the first manufacturers of diesel engines and are headquartered in Columbus, Indiana. We sell our products to Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs), distributors and other customers worldwide. We serve our customers through a network of more than 550 company-owned and independent distributor locations and approximately 5,000 dealer locations in more than 160 countries and territories.

NOTE 2.  BASIS OF PRESENTATION
 

The unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect all adjustments which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair statement of the results for the three and nine month interim periods ended September 30, 2007 and October 1, 2006. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature. The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) for interim financial information. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted as permitted by such rules and regulations. The interim periods for both 2007 and 2006 contain 13 and 39 weeks, respectively. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period amounts to conform to the presentation of the current period condensed financial statements.  This includes all share and per share amounts which have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the two-for-one stock split that was distributed April 9, 2007.  See Note 7.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.  Significant estimates and assumptions in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements require the exercise of judgment and are used for, but not limited to, allowance for doubtful accounts, estimates of future cash flows and other assumptions associated with goodwill and long-lived asset impairment tests, useful lives for depreciation and amortization, warranty programs, determination of discount and other rate assumptions for pension and other postretirement benefit expenses, income taxes and deferred tax valuation allowances and contingencies.  Due to the inherent uncertainty involved in making estimates, actual results reported in future periods may be different from these estimates.

You should read these interim condensed financial statements in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006. Our interim period financial results for the three and nine month interim periods presented are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year.  The year end condensed balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP.

Shipping and Handling Costs

Our shipping and handling costs are expensed as incurred. Those shipping and handling costs associated with operations of our inventory distribution centers and warehouse facilities were previously classified as "Selling and administrative expenses" in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings.  In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 00-10 "Accounting for Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs," we previously disclosed the amount of these shipping and handling costs that were included as "Selling and administrative expenses" in the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements.  Beginning January 1, 2007, we revised our accounting policy and all shipping and handling costs are now classified as "Cost of sales."  This presentation is more consistent with current industry practice.  For purposes of comparability, the $37 million and $96 million previously classified as "Selling and administrative expenses" for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2006, has been adjusted retrospectively to apply the new method.  This change had no impact on operating earnings, net earnings, or earnings per share.

NOTE 3.  RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, "Fair Value Measurements" (SFAS 157), which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.  We will adopt SFAS 157 effective January 1, 2008.  We are currently evaluating the impact, if any, that SFAS 157 will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 158, "Employers' Accounting for Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Plans-an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R)" (SFAS 158), which requires employers to fully recognize the obligations associated with single-employer defined benefit pension, retiree healthcare and other postretirement plans in their financial statements.  In addition, SFAS 158 requires companies to measure plan assets and liabilities as of the end of a fiscal year rather than a date within 90 days of the end of the fiscal year.  We adopted SFAS 158 effective December 31, 2006, except for the change in measurement date provisions which are not effective until 2008.  We do not expect the adoption of the change in measurement date provisions to have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, "The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities - Including an Amendment of FASB Statement No. 115" (SFAS 159), which is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. SFAS 159 permits an entity to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value at specified election dates. Subsequent unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option has been elected will be reported in earnings. We are currently evaluating the potential impact, if any, that SFAS 159 will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

NOTE 4.  PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS

The components of net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit expense under our plans consisted of the following:

 

 

Pension

 

Other

 

 

 

U.S. Plans

 

Non-U.S. Plans

 

Postretirement Benefits

 

 

 

Three months ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

2007

 

2006

 

2007

 

2006

 

Millions 

Service cost

 

$

12

$

12

$

8

$

8

$

-

$

1

Interest cost

26

26

16

14

8

8

Expected return on plan assets

(35

)

(31

)

(18

)

(14

)

-

-

Amortization of prior service cost (credit)

-

-

1

1

(2

)

(2

)

Recognized net actuarial loss (gain)

8

10

6

5

(1

)

(1

)

Other

-

-

-

1

-

-

Net periodic benefit cost 

$

11

$

17

$

13

$

15

$

5

$

6

 

 
 

 

Pension

 

Other

 

 

 

U.S. Plans

 

Non-U.S. Plans

 

Postretirement Benefits

 

 

 

Nine months ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

2007

 

2006

 

2007

 

2006

 

Millions 

Service cost

$

35

$

36

$

24

$

22

$

-

$

1

Interest cost

80

80

47

38

23

24

Expected return on plan assets

(105

)

(95

)

(53

)

(39

)

-

-

Amortization of prior service cost (credit)

(1

)

2

3

2

(7

)

(8

)

Recognized net actuarial loss (gain)

24

28

19

14

(1

)

(1

)

Other

-

-

-

1

-

-

Net periodic benefit cost 

$

33

$

51

$

40

$

38

$

15

$

16


For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, we contributed approximately $42 million and $144 million, respectively, to our pension plans and paid approximately $11 million and $37 million, respectively, of postretirement benefits. For the three and nine months ended October 1, 2006, we contributed approximately $71 million and $154 million, respectively, to our pension plans and paid approximately $10 million and $41 million, respectively, of postretirement benefits.   We presently anticipate contributing $240 to $250 million to our pension plans in 2007 and paying approximately $55 million in claims and premiums.  The $240 to $250 million of contributions for the full year includes voluntary contributions of $160 to $170 million.  These contributions and payments include payments from our funds to either increase pension plan assets or to make direct payments to plan participants.

We incurred expenses of $4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and $5 million for the three months ended October 1, 2006, relating to our defined contribution plans.  We incurred expenses of $19 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and $23 million for the nine months ended October 1, 2006, for defined contribution plans. 

NOTE 5.  INVESTEE EQUITY, ROYALTY AND OTHER INCOME

Investee equity, royalty and other income included in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the interim reporting periods was as follows:
 

 

 

Three months ended

 

Nine months ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

 Millions

 

North American distributors

$

22

$

13

$

59

$

34

Dongfeng Cummins Engine Company, Ltd

12

4

29

16

Chongqing Cummins Engine Company, Ltd

5

6

15

13

Cummins MerCruiser Diesel Marine LLC.

2

-

9

4

Tata Cummins Limited

3

2

9

8

Fleetguard Shanghai Filter Co. Ltd.

1

2

4

4

All others

9

2

12

10

Cummins share of net earnings

54

29

137

89

Royalty and other income

4

8

9

16

Investee equity, royalty and other income

$

58

$

37

$

146

$

105

NOTE 6.  INCOME TAXES

Our effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, was 33 percent.  This rate was less than the 35 percent U.S. income tax rate primarily due to research tax credits and lower taxes on foreign earnings. Our effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2006, was 34 percent and 31 percent, respectively.  Our provision for the nine months ended October 1, 2006, was increased $12 million in the first quarter for the effect of new Indiana tax legislation, and was reduced by $28 million in the second quarter due to the favorable resolution of tax uncertainties related to prior years.

On January 1, 2007, we adopted FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 48, "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109." FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold that a tax position is required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements and provides guidance on derecognition, measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition rules. The adoption of FIN 48 resulted in an increase to beginning retained earnings of $0.8 million and did not have any impact on our results of operations. As of the adoption date, we had gross unrecognized tax benefits of $49 million. Of this total, $37 million, if recognized, would favorably affect the effective tax rate in future periods. Also, as of the adoption date, we had accrued interest expense related to the unrecognized tax benefits of $9 million. We recognize potential accrued interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. Unrecognized tax benefits and accrued interest have not changed materially since the adoption of FIN 48.

As a result of our global operations, we file income tax returns in various jurisdictions including U.S. federal, U.S. state, and foreign jurisdictions. We are routinely subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the world, including Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, China, France, India, Mexico, the United Kingdom and the U.S. Our U.S. federal income tax returns have been examined through 2004.  With few exceptions, major U.S. state and foreign jurisdictions are no longer subject to income tax examinations for years before 2001.  Various U.S. state and foreign tax audits are currently underway; however, we do not expect any significant change to our unrecognized tax benefits within the next year.

NOTE 7.  EARNINGS PER SHARE

We calculate basic earnings per share (EPS) of common stock by dividing net earnings by the weighted-average daily number of common shares outstanding for the period. The calculation of diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution that occurs if share based awards or debt securities are exercised or converted into common stock and the effect of the exercise or conversion reduces EPS.  We exclude shares of common stock held by our Retirement Savings Plan in the Employee Benefits Trust from the calculation of the weighted-average common shares outstanding until those shares are distributed from the trust. 

The following is a reconciliation of net earnings and weighted-average common shares outstanding for purposes of calculating basic and diluted net earnings per share:
 

 

 

Three months ended

 

Nine months ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

 Millions

(except per share amounts)

 

Net earnings for basic EPS

$

184

$

171

$

541

$

526

Interest on junior convertible subordinated debentures, net of tax

-

-

-

6

Net earnings for diluted EPS

$

184

$

171

$

541

$

532

Weighted-average common shares outstanding:

Basic

99.1

100.7

99.7

93.6

Dilutive effect of stock compensation awards

0.8

0.8

0.6

0.8

Dilutive effect of junior convertible subordinated debentures

-

-

-

7.3

Diluted

99.9

101.5

100.3

101.7

Earnings per common share:

Basic

$

1.86

$

1.70

$

5.43

$

5.62

Diluted

$

1.84

$

1.69

$

5.39

$

5.23

The Board of Directors authorized a two-for-one split of Cummins stock on March 8, 2007, which was distributed on April 9, 2007, to shareholders of record as of March 26, 2007.  All share and per share amounts in this Form 10-Q have been adjusted to reflect the two-for-one stock split.  During the second quarter our shareholders ratified a proposal to increase our common stock authorization to 300 million shares. 

NOTE 8.  INVENTORIES

Inventories included the following:      

 

 

September 30,

 

December 31,

 

 

 

  2007  

 

  2006  

 

 

 

Millions

 

Finished products

$

824

$

705

Work-in-process and raw materials

1,024

761

Inventories at FIFO cost

1,848

1,466

Excess of FIFO over LIFO

(78

)

(73

)

Total inventories

$

1,770

$

1,393

NOTE 9.  GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, were as follows:

 

 

Components

 

Power
Generation

 

Engine

 

Distribution

 

Total

 

 

 

Millions

 

Goodwill at December 31, 2006

$

332

$

12

$

7

$

5

$

356

Additions 

11

-

-

2

13

Disposition 

-

-

-

-

-

Translation and other

1

1

-

-

2

Goodwill at September 30, 2007

$

344

$

13

$

7

$

7

$

371

     

 The components of other intangible assets with finite lives subject to amortization were as follows: 

 

 

September 30,

 

December 31,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

Millions

 

Software

$

273

$

222

Accumulated amortization

(124

)

(101

)

Net software

149

121

Trademarks, patents and other

15

10

Accumulated amortization

(4

)

(3

)

Net trademarks, patents and other

11

7

Total

$

160

$

128

NOTE 10.  SALE OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE

In January 2004, we entered into a three-year facility agreement with a financial institution to sell a designated pool of trade receivables to Cummins Trade Receivables, LLC (CTR), a wholly-owned special purpose subsidiary. In July 2007, we amended the agreement to extend the facility until July 2010, and raised the purchase limitation from $200 million to $400 million. The agreement also provides us with an option to increase the purchase limitation up to $500 million upon approval.   As necessary, CTR may transfer a direct interest in its receivables, without recourse, to the financial institution. To maintain a balance in the designated pools of receivables sold, we sell new receivables to CTR as existing receivables are collected. Receivables sold to CTR in which an interest is not transferred to the financial institution are included in "Receivables, net" on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. The maximum interest in sold receivables that can be outstanding at any point in time is limited to the lesser of $400 million or the amount of eligible receivables held by CTR. There are no provisions in this agreement that require us to maintain a minimum investment credit rating; however, the terms of the agreement contain the same financial covenants as our revolving credit facility.  There was no activity under this program in the first nine months of 2007.

NOTE 11.  PRODUCT WARRANTY LIABILITY

A summary of the activity in our current and long-term warranty liability accounts, as well as our deferred revenue accounts, for the nine month interim periods follows:

 

 

Nine months ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

Millions

Balance, beginning of period

$

652

$

581

Provision for warranties issued

298

244

Deferred revenue on extended warranty contracts sold

47

59

Payments

(229

)

(215

)

Amortization of deferred revenue on extended warranty contracts

(37

)

(26

)

Changes in estimates for pre-existing warranties

(14

)

3

Foreign currency translation

5

4

Balance, end of period

$

722

$

650

The amount of deferred revenue related to extended coverage programs at September 30, 2007, was $175 million. 

At September 30, 2007, we had $21 million of receivables related to estimated supplier recoveries of which $10 million was included in "Receivables, net" and $11 million was included in "Other assets" on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

NOTE 12.  COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

We are defendants in a number of pending legal actions, including actions related to the use and performance of our products. We carry product liability insurance covering significant claims for damages involving personal injury and property damage. We also establish reserves for these and other matters in which losses are probable and can be reasonably estimated. In the event we are determined to be liable for damages in connection with actions and proceedings, the unaccrued portion of such liability is not expected to be material. We also have been identified as a potentially responsible party at several waste disposal sites under U.S. and related state environmental statutes and regulations and may have joint and several liability for any investigation and remediation costs incurred with respect to such sites. We deny liability with respect to many of these legal actions and environmental proceedings and are vigorously defending such actions or proceedings. We have established reserves that we believe are adequate for our expected future liability in such actions and proceedings where the nature and extent of such liability can be reasonably estimated based upon presently available information.


U.S. Distributor Guarantees

Since 1997 we have had an operating agreement with a financial institution that required us to guarantee revolving loans, equipment term loans and leases, real property loans and letters of credit made by the financial institution to certain independent Cummins and Onan distributors in the United States, and to certain distributors in which we own an equity interest. In the first quarter of 2006, we amended, restated and simplified the terms of the operating agreement and removed the Cummins guarantee of distributor borrowings. 

If any distributor defaults under its financing arrangement with the financial institution, and the maturity of amounts owed under the agreement is accelerated, then we are required to purchase from the financial institution at amounts approximating fair market value certain property, inventory and rental generator sets manufactured by Cummins that are secured by the distributor's financing agreement. 

The operating agreement will continue to be in effect until February 7, 2008 and is subject to an automatic one year renewal without requiring the action of either party.

Residual Value Guarantees

We have various residual value guarantees on equipment leased under operating leases. The total amount of these residual value guarantees at September 30, 2007, was $9 million.

Other Guarantees

In addition to the guarantees discussed above, from time to time we enter into other guarantee arrangements, including guarantees of non-U.S. distributor financing and other miscellaneous guarantees of third-party obligations. The maximum potential loss related to these other guarantees is $4 million at September 30, 2007.

We have arrangements with certain suppliers that require us to purchase minimum volumes or be subject to monetary penalties. The penalty amounts are less than our purchase commitments and essentially allow the supplier to recover their tooling costs. At September 30, 2007, if we were to stop purchasing from each of these suppliers, the amount of the penalty would be approximately $16 million. However, based on current forecasts, we do not anticipate paying any penalties under these contracts.

Indemnifications

Periodically, we enter into various contractual arrangements where we agree to indemnify a third-party against certain types of losses. Common types of indemnifications include:

We regularly evaluate the probability of having to incur costs associated with these indemnifications and accrue for expected losses that are probable. Because the indemnifications are not related to specified known liabilities and due to their uncertain nature, we are unable to estimate the maximum amount of the potential loss associated with these indemnifications.

Joint Venture Commitments

As of September 30, 2007, we have committed (subject to future regulatory approvals) to invest $60 million into new and existing joint ventures.  It is expected that $9 million will be funded in 2007 with the remaining amounts expected to be funded in 2008 and 2009.   

 

NOTE 13.  COMPREHENSIVE EARNINGS

A reconciliation of our net earnings to comprehensive earnings was as follows:

 

 

Three months ended

 

Nine months ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

Millions

Net earnings

$

184

 

$

171

$

541

$

526

Other comprehensive earnings (loss), net of tax:

 

Change in defined benefit post retirement plans

8

 

-

(17

)

-

Minimum pension liability adjustment

-

 

(2

)

-

(2

)

Change in cumulative translation adjustment

26

 

26

100

57

Unrealized gain/(loss) on marketable securities

3

 

1

3

(1

)

Unrealized gain/(loss) on derivatives

4

 

(6

)

8

23

Comprehensive earnings

$

225

 

$

190

$

635

$

603

NOTE 14.  OPERATING SEGMENTS

Our reportable operating segments consist of the following: Engine, Power Generation, Components and Distribution. This reporting structure is organized according to the products and markets each segment serves. We use segment EBIT (defined as earnings before interest expense, income taxes and minority interests) as the primary basis for the chief operating decision-maker to evaluate the performance of each operating segment.    

A summary of operating results by segment for the three and nine month periods is shown below:

 

 

Engine

 

Power
Generation

 

Components

 


Distribution

 

Non-segment
items(1)

 

Total

 

 

 

Millions

 

Three months ended September 30, 2007

External sales

$

1,890

$

594

$

494

$

394

$

-

$

3,372

Intersegment sales

263

182

247

1

(693

)

-

   Net sales

2,153

776

741

395

(693

)

3,372

Investee equity, royalty and other income

24

5

3

26

-

58

Interest income

6

1

1

1

-

9

Segment EBIT

155

83

34

46

(12

)

306

                                                       

Three months ended October 1, 2006

External sales

$

1,619

$

487

$

361

$

342

$

-

$

2,809

Intersegment sales

223

137

203

4

(567

)

-

   Net sales

1,842

624

564

346

(567

)

2,809

Investee equity, royalty and other income

16

4

2

15

-

37

Interest income

11

2

1

-

-

14

Segment EBIT

183

57

19

38

(1

)

296

 

Nine months ended September 30, 2007

External sales

$

5,267

$

1,730

$

1,465

$

1,070

$

-

$

9,532

Intersegment sales

760

490

690

2

(1,942

)

-

   Net sales

6,027

2,220

2,155

1,072

(1,942

)

9,532

Investee equity, royalty and other income

66

12

1

67

-

146

Interest income

20

4

2

1

-

27

Segment EBIT

469

248

106

131

(51

)

903

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Nine months ended October 1, 2006

External sales

$

4,898

$

1,365

$

1,079

$

987

$

-

$

8,329

Intersegment sales

661

393

603

12

(1,669

)

-

   Net sales

5,559

1,758

1,682

999

(1,669

)

8,329

Investee equity, royalty and other income

51

10

6

38

-

105

Interest income

25

5

1

2

-

33

Segment EBIT

552

158

84

105

(23

)

876

(1) Includes intercompany eliminations and unallocated corporate expenses.

 

A reconciliation of our segment information to the corresponding amounts in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements is shown in the table below:

  

 

 

Three months ended

 

Nine months ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

2007

           

2006

            

2007

         

2006

 

Millions

Segment EBIT

$

306

$

296

$

903

$

876

Less:

Interest expense

14

23

44

76

Earnings before income taxes and minority interests

$

292

$

273

$

859

$

800


ITEM 2.  Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Certain prior year amounts included in this section have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

 

When used in this report the terms "Cummins," "the Company," "the registrant," "we," "our," or "us" mean Cummins Inc. and all entities included in our consolidated financial statements.

 

ORGANIZATION OF INFORMATION

The following Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in the "Financial Statements" section of our 2006 Annual Report on Form 10-K. All references to earnings per share amounts are diluted per share amounts.  Our discussion contains forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties, such as our plans, objectives, expectations and intentions.  Actual results and the timing of events could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors, including those set forth under "RISK FACTORS RELATING TO OUR BUSINESS" included in Part I of our 2006 Annual Report on Form 10-K and "Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" presented at the end of this section.  This overview summarizes the MD&A which includes the following sections:

 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

We are a global power leader that designs, manufactures, distributes and services diesel and natural gas engines, electric power generation systems and engine-related products, including filtration and aftertreatment devices, fuel systems and controls and air handling systems. We sell our products to Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs), distributors and other customers worldwide. We have long-standing relationships with many of the leading manufacturers in the markets we serve, including Chrysler LLC, Daimler AG, Volvo AB, PACCAR Inc., International Truck and Engine Corporation (Navistar International Corporation), CNH Global N.V., Komatsu Scania AB, Ford Motor Company and Volkswagen . We serve our customers through a network of more than 550 company-owned and independent distributor locations and approximately 5,000 dealer locations in more than 160 countries and territories.

Our reportable operating segments consist of the following: Engine, Power Generation, Components, and Distribution. This reporting structure is organized according to the products and markets each segment serves. This type of reporting structure allows management to focus its efforts on providing enhanced service to a wide range of customers. The Engine segment produces engines and parts for sale to customers in on-highway and various industrial markets. The engines are used in trucks of all sizes, buses and RVs, as well as various industrial applications including construction, mining, agriculture, marine, oil and gas, rail, and military. The Power Generation segment is an integrated provider of power systems selling engines, generator sets and alternators and providing rental of power equipment for both standby and prime power uses. The Components segment includes sales of filtration products, exhaust and aftertreatment systems, turbochargers and fuel systems. The Distribution segment includes wholly-owned and partially-owned distributorships engaged in wholesaling engines, generator sets, and service parts, performing service and repair activities on our products and maintaining relationships with various OEMs throughout the world.

Our financial performance depends in large part, on varying conditions in the markets we serve, particularly the on-highway, construction and general industrial markets.  Demand in these markets tends to fluctuate in response to overall economic conditions and is particularly sensitive to changes in interest rate levels.  Our sales may also be impacted by OEM inventory levels and production schedules and stoppages.  Economic downturns in markets we serve generally result in reductions in sales and pricing of our products.  As a worldwide business, our operations are also affected by political, economic and regulatory matters, including environmental and emission standards, in the countries we serve.  However, our geographic diversity and broad product and service offerings have helped limit the impact of any one industry and the economy of any single country upon our consolidated results.  This was effectively demonstrated through the first nine months of 2007 as we continue to experience strong sales and earnings despite the continued softness in the North American heavy-duty truck engine market where the industry forecast for trucks in that market is down approximately 50 percent from 2006 levels.  More than half of our 2007 sales come from countries other than the United States.  The diversity of our business portfolio has contributed to the significant organic growth we have experienced over the past several years continuing into the third quarter of 2007.

Financial highlights for the three and nine months ended was as follows:

 

 

Three months ended

 

Nine months ended

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

2007

 

 2006

 

2007

 

2006

 

Consolidated Results

 

Millions

(except earnings per share )

 

Net sales

$

3,372

$

2,809

$

9,532

$

8,329

Gross margin

652

617

1,874

1,829

Investee equity, royalty and other income

58

37

146

105

Operating earnings

289

278

853

835

Net earnings

184

171

541

526

Diluted earnings per share

$

1.84

$

1.69

$

5.39

$

5.23

Net earnings for the three months ended September 30, 2007, were $184 million, or $1.84 per diluted share, on sales of $3.4 billion, compared to net earnings of $171 million, or $1.69 per diluted share, on sales of $2.8 billion in the corresponding period of 2006.  Net earnings for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, were $541 million, or $5.39 per diluted share, on sales of $9.5 billion, compared to net earnings of $526 million, or $5.23 per diluted share, on sales of $8.3 billion in the corresponding period of 2006.  Our third quarter 2007 net sales increased $563 million, or 20 percent, over third quarter 2006 led by record sales in the Engine, Power Generation and Distribution segments while the Components segment also experienced a strong sales performance.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, net sales increased $1,203 million, or 14 percent, over the corresponding period of 2006.  For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, Power Generation, Components and Distribution all generated double digit earnings increases over the corresponding 2006 periods while the Engine segment earnings declined 15 percent  in both periods as the business was negatively impacted by higher material and warranty costs for new emissions-compliant engines, higher material costs related to the introduction of new products and lower cost-leverage in markets affected by the change in emissions regulations in the U.S.

During the first nine months of 2007, we continued our commitment to building a strong balance sheet, investing in profitable growth around the globe and returning value to our shareholders.  Some of the transactions and events that highlight this are as follows:


RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Three and Nine Months Ended - 2007 versus 2006

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Favorable/ (Unfavorable)

 

Nine Months Ended

 

Favorable/ (Unfavorable)

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

Amount

 

Percent

 

2007

 

2006

 

Amount

 

Percent

 

 

 

             $ in millions

 

 

 

               $ in millions

 

 

 

Net sales

$

3,372

$

2,809

$

563

20

%

$

9,532

$

8,329

$

1,203

14

Cost of sales

2,720

2,192

(528

)

(24

)%

7,658

6,500

(1,158

)

(18

)%

Gross margin

652

617

35

6

%

1,874

1,829

45

2

%

Operating expenses and income

 

 

Selling and administrative expenses

340

291

(49

)

(17

)%

937

853

(84)

(10

)%

Research and engineering expenses

82

81

(1)

(1)

%

236

243

7

3

%

Investee equity, royalty and other income

58

37

21

57

%

146

105

41

39

%

Other operating income (expense), net

1

(4)

5

NM

6

(3

)

9

NM

Operating earnings

289

278

11

4

%

853

835

18

2

%

   Interest income

9

14

(5

)

(36

)%

27

33

(6

)

(18

)%

   Interest expense

14

23

9

39

%

44

76

32

42

%

   Other income, net

8

4

4

100

%

23

8

15

NM

Earnings before income taxes and minority interests

292

273

19

7

%

859

800

59

7

%

Provision for income taxes

97

92

(5

)

(5

)%

284

244

(40

)

(16

)%

Minority interests in earnings of consolidated subsidiaries

11

10

(1

)

(10

)%    

34

30

(4

)

(13

)%     

Net earnings

$

184

$

171

$

13

8

%

$

541

$

526

$

15

3


Net Sales

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, net sales increased over the same periods in 2006 in all segments led by record quarterly sales in the Engine, Power Generation and Distribution segments.

Net sales changes by segment, compared with the same periods in 2006, were as follows:

 

 

Three Months Ended

2007 vs. 2006

   

Nine Months Ended

2007 vs. 2006

Change

% Change

   

Change

% Change

Engine

$

311

17

%

 

$

468

8

%

Power Generation

152

24

%

   

462

26

%

Components

177

31

%

   

473

28

%

Distribution

49

14

%

   

73

7

%

 


Engine net sales were higher due to improved pricing on our emission compliant engines,  strong demand in almost all on-highway and off-highway markets and the favorable impact of foreign currency translation for both the three and nine months ended.  The increased engine sales were partially offset by decreased demand in our North American heavy-duty on-highway market as a result of the 2007 change in emissions standards, although, heavy-duty on-highway engine sales were stronger than previously anticipated as the result of market share gains in 2007.  Engine and parts sales to industrial markets were 30 percent and 29 percent higher compared to the three and nine months ended over the same period in 2006, with increased volumes in most market segments.  Net sales increases in the Power Generation segment were due to improved pricing and strong organic growth led primarily by increases in commercial generator sales and alternator sales.  Net sales in our Components segment improved due to increased organic sales growth in our filtration, turbocharger, and emission solutions businesses.  Distribution segment net sales were up primarily due to increased demand for power generation products followed by increased parts and engine sales which were partially offset by the deconsolidation of one of our North American joint ventures beginning in 2007. The net sales of this joint venture were approximately $39 million and $119 million for the three and nine months ended compared to the same periods during 2006.    See our "Operating Segment Results" section for further details on sales by segment.   
 

Gross Margin

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, gross margins increased over the same periods in 2006 primarily due to new pricing and increased volumes which were partially offset by increased costs for new products, increased warranty expenses and the deconsolidation of one of our North American joint ventures. Significant drivers impacting quarterly and year-to-date margins, as compared to the same period in 2006 were as follows:

Three Months

Ended 2007 vs. 2006

Nine Months

Ended 2007 vs. 2006

 

Change

Change

 

Price

$

123

$

350

Volume

79

85

Incremental product cost

(96

)

(288

)

Deconsolidation of a joint venture

(18

)

(49

)

Warranty expense

(35

)

(38

)

Other

(18

)

(15

)

Total

$

35

$

45


Gross margin as a percentage of sales declined by 2.7 percentage points and 2.3 percentage points for the three and nine months ended, September 30, 2007, as compared to the same periods in 2006, as margin percentages declined in three of our segments primarily driven by the Engine and Components segments.  In the Engine segment, price increases for new products were offset by higher new product costs, increased warranty costs and the decreased heavy-duty engine volumes.  In the Components segment two of our businesses are experiencing low margins as the result of costs associated with meeting extremely strong demand.

Warranty expense as a percent of sales increased to 3.4 percent in the third quarter of 2007 from 2.9 percent in 2006 and remained flat at 3.0 percent for the nine month periods in both years.   The increase in warranty expense was expected as the mix of 2007 emissions compliant engines and components increase. As has been our practice and as described in our Critical Accounting Estimates in our 2006 Annual Report on Form 10-K, new product launches require a greater use of judgment in developing estimates until historical experience becomes available.  Product specific experience is typically available four or five quarters after product launch, with a clear experience trend evident eight quarters after launch.  We generally record warranty expense for new products upon shipment using a factor based upon historical experience only in the first year, a blend of actual product and historical experience in the second year and product specific experience thereafter

Selling and Administrative Expenses

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007,  selling and administrative expenses increased over the same periods in 2006 primarily as a result of annual salary increases, higher volumes across most businesses, the adverse impact of foreign currency translation and increases in infrastructure investments including the number of employees to provide for our growing business.  Overall selling and administrative expenses, as a percent of sales, improved  to 10.1 percent in 2007 compared to 10.4 percent in 2006, and 9.8 percent in 2007, compared to 10.2 percent in 2006, for the three and nine month periods, respectively, due to our lower cost structure.  Both the Power Generation and Components segments had improved selling and administrative expenses as a percentage of sales while the Engine segment was relatively flat for the three and nine month periods.  The Distribution segment's selling and administrative expense as a percentage of sales was relatively flat for the three month period and improved for the nine month period.

Research and Engineering Expenses

For the three months ended September 30, 2007, research and engineering expenses were relatively flat compared with the same period in 2006.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, research and engineering expenses decreased in 2007 compared to 2006 due to heavy development of a number of new products and critical technologies in 2006 in addition to higher levels of customer funding for new product development in 2007.  For the nine months ended October 1, 2006, we had significant research and engineering expenses across the Engine and Components segments related to new product development for 2007 and beyond as well as research and engineering expenses for growth platforms across geographies.  For the nine months ended, September 30, 2007, the Engine segment accounted for $8 million of the decrease in research and engineering expenses.  Fluctuations in other miscellaneous research and development expenses were not significant individually or in the aggregate.

Investee Equity, Royalty and Other Income

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, investee equity, royalty and other income improved over the same periods in 2006 primarily due to an increase in earnings from our North American distributors of $9 million and $25 million for the three and nine month periods, respectively.  The increased earnings at our North American distributors were the result of organic growth, acquisitions and the deconsolidation of a North American joint venture in 2007.   In addition, Dongfeng Cummins Engine Company, Ltd. (DCEC) increased $8 million and $13 million compared to the quarter and year-to-date periods in the prior year, respectively. Cummins Mercruiser Diesel also showed strong increases for the quarter and year-to-date, while the other joint ventures remained relatively flat or had slight decreases.

Other Operating Income (Expense), Net

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, other operating income increased over the same periods in 2006 primarily due to gains on the sale or disposal of fixed assets of $2 million and $11 million in 2007 compared with a $2 million loss and a $2 million gain in 2006 for the three and nine month periods, respectively.  The increase also included gains in royalty income.  Other fluctuations in other operating income were not significant individually or in the aggregate.

Interest Expense

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, interest expense decreased over the same periods in 2006 due to significantly lower debt balances as we continue to strengthen our balance sheet in 2007 by paying down our debt obligations.

Other Income, Net

The major components of other income include foreign currency exchange gains and losses, bank charges and other miscellaneous income and expenses.  For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, other income increased over the same periods in 2006 primarily due to an increase in foreign currency exchange gains of approximately $3 million and $10 million for the three and nine month periods, respectively.  The quarterly increases were partially offset by a decrease in various other income and expense items. 

Provision for Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, was 33 percent.  This rate was less than the 35 percent U.S. income tax rate primarily due to research tax credits and lower taxes on foreign earnings. In July 2007, the United Kingdom passed tax legislation which reduces our U.K. tax rate from 30 percent to 28 percent beginning in 2008.  While the reduced tax rate will benefit future operations, we had an additional charge to our third quarter tax provision of approximately $2 million to reduce the value of our U.K. deferred tax assets.  Our effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2006, were 34 percent and 31 percent, respectively.  Our 2006 provision was reduced in the second quarter by $28 million due to the favorable resolution of tax uncertainties related to prior years.  In addition, our 2006 provision was increased in the first quarter by $12 million for the effect of new Indiana tax legislation.  The effective tax rate for the remainder of 2007 is expected to approximate 33 percent absent any discrete period activity. On January 1, 2007, we adopted FASB Interpretation (FIN) No. 48, "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes - an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109." The adoption of FIN 48 did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.  See Note 6 to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.

OPERATING SEGMENT RESULTS

Our reportable operating segments consist of the following: Engine, Power Generation, Components and Distribution. This reporting structure is organized according to the products and markets each segment serves.  We use segment EBIT (defined as earnings before interest expense, income taxes and minority interests) as the primary basis for the chief operating decision-maker to evaluate the performance of each operating segment.  Following is a discussion of operating results for each of our business segments. 


Engine Results and Updated Outlook

Three and Nine Months Ended - 2007 versus 2006

Financial data for the Engine segment was as follows:

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Favorable/ (Unfavorable)

 

Nine Months Ended

 

Favorable/ (Unfavorable)

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

Amount

 

Percent

 

2007

 

2006

 

Amount

 

Percent

 

 

 

              $ in millions

 

 

 

                 $ in millions

 

 

 

External sales

$

1,890

$

1,619

$

271

17

%

$

5,267

$

4,898

$

369

8

Intersegment sales

263

223

40

18

%

760

661

99

15

%

   Net sales

2,153

1,842

311

17

%

6,027

5,559

468

8

%

Investee equity, royalty and other income

24

16

8

50

 %

66

51

15

29

%

Interest income

6

11

(5

)

(45

)%

20

25

(5)

(20

)%

Segment EBIT

155

183

(28

)

(15

)%

469

552

(83

)

(15

)%

 

 

Segment EBIT as a percentage of net sales

7.2

%

9.9

%

(2.7) percentage points

7.8

%

9.9

%

(2.1)  percentage points

Net Sales

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, net sales increased over the same period in 2006 for the Engine segment due to improved demand across most markets, excluding the on-highway heavy-duty truck market, and improved pricing on our new emissions compliant engines.  The North American on-highway heavy-duty truck market was down as a result of the 2007 emissions standards change.  Total on-highway-related sales were 59 percent and 56 percent of Engine segment net sales compared with 63 percent in 2006 for both the three and nine month periods, respectively.  Industrial markets were strong compared to the same period in 2006, with increased volumes in most markets, led by construction, agriculture and government markets for the three month period and construction, government, marine, and mining for the nine month period.

Segment EBIT

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, Engine segment EBIT decreased over the same periods in 2006 primarily due to the lower engine volumes in the on-highway markets, the accompanying gross margin impact of lower absorption of fixed manufacturing costs, higher costs for new emissions compliant products, and increased selling and administrative expenses. Gross margin decreased $8 million, or two percent and $63 million, or six percent and the gross margin percentage decreased 3.1 and 2.5 percentage points for the three and nine month periods over the same periods in 2006, respectively. Gross margin was lower due to higher material and warranty costs associated with the new 2007 engines.  The increase in warranty expense was expected as the mix of 2007 emissions compliant engines and components increase. As has been our practice and as described in our Critical Accounting Estimates in our 2006 10-K, new product launches require a greater use of judgment in developing estimates until historical experience becomes available.  Selling and administrative expense increased $26 million, or 21 percent and $48 million, or 13 percent for the three and nine month periods over the same periods in 2006, respectively, while the change as a percentage of net sales remained flat for both periods. The 2007 increases in selling and administrative expenses were primarily due to higher payroll costs as the result of 2007 salary increases and an increase in infrastructure investments including the number of employees to provide for the Engine segment's growing business for both the three and nine month periods.  Research and engineering expenses increased by $2 million, or 4 percent and decreased by $8 million, or 5 percent for the three and nine month periods over the same periods in 2006, respectively, while, the change as a percentage of net sales remained flat for both periods. These increased segment expenses were partially offset by higher earnings from joint ventures over the same periods of 2006 primarily due to an $8 million and a $13 million improvement in earnings at DCEC for the three and nine month periods, respectively, due to strong demand in the Chinese truck market.


Engine Net Sales by Market

A summary and discussion of Engine segment net sales by market follows:

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Favorable/ (Unfavorable)

 

Nine Months Ended

 

Favorable/ (Unfavorable)

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

   

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

Amount

 

Percent

 

2007

 

2006

 

Amount

 

Percent

 

 

 

               $ in millions

 

 

 

                $ in millions

 

 

 

Heavy-duty truck

$

520

$

632

$

(112

)

(18

)%

$

1,417

$

1,858

$

(441

)

(24

)% 

Medium-duty truck and bus

359

253

106

42

%

885

715

170

24

%

Light-duty automotive and RV

388

267

121

45

%

1,094

939

155

17

%

Total on-highway

1,267

1,152

115

10

%

3,396

3,512

(116

)

(3

)%

Industrial

661

507

154

30

%

1,943

1,504

439

29

%

Stationary power

225

183

42

23

%

688

543

145

27

%

Total net sales

2,153

1,842

311

17

%

6,027

5,559

468

8

%

A summary of unit shipments by engine classification (including unit shipments to Power Generation) follows:

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Favorable/ (Unfavorable)

 

Nine Months Ended

 

Favorable/ (Unfavorable)

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

Amount

 

Percent

 

2007

 

2006

 

Amount

 

Percent

 

Midrange

130,500

104,800

25,700

25

%

371,200

341,100

30,100

9

Heavy-duty

24,800

31,000

(6,200

)

(20

)%

67,600

92,500

(24,900

)

(27

)% 

High-horsepower

4,600

4,100

500

12

%

13,600

11,800

1,800

15

%

Total unit shipments

159,900

139,900

20,000

14

%

452,400

445,400

7,000

2

%

A summary of changes in unit shipments by market follows:

 

 

Unit Shipments by Market

 

 

Percent Change 2007 vs. 2006

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

North American

 

International

 

Global

 

North American

 

International

 

Global

 

 

 

Heavy-duty

 

(38

)%

40

%

(27

)%

(46

)%

46

%

(34

)%

Medium-duty truck

0

%

42

%

23

%

2

%

24

%

15

%

Bus

20

%

79

%

47

%

27

%

46

%

38

%

Light-duty truck

42

%

9

%

38

%

0

%

11

%

1

%

RV

(11

)%

(100

)%

(11

)%

(17

)%

(74

)%

(18

)%

Industrial

 

(2

)%

37

%

16

%

(1

)%

30

%

14

%

Total unit shipments

 

5

%

37

%

15

%

(11

)%

29

%

1

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Note:  The total percent of shipments in 2007 for both the three and nine months ended were 63% to North America and 37% to International.

 

Heavy-Duty Truck

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, heavy-duty truck market sales decreased over the same periods in 2006 primarily due to the North American truck market as OEMs experienced reduced demand from truck fleets, following increased purchases in 2006 to replace trucks ahead of the 2007 change in emissions standards, the softer U.S. economy, and the weak freight environment.  The decline in the North American truck market sales was partially offset by strong growth in our international sales and North American market share gains.

Medium-Duty Truck and Bus

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007,  medium-duty truck and bus sales increased over the same periods in 2006 due to increased demand for medium-duty truck engines internationally and increased shipments of bus engines in North America and internationally compared to last year. The increase in overall North American bus sales is being driven by market share gains within the school bus market.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2007, increased medium-duty truck revenues also improved due to increased market share related to our growing position with North American OEMs in the medium-duty truck market which was partially offset by reduced shipments at the beginning of the year as a result of the effect of the change in emissions regulations in North America.

Light-Duty Automotive and RV

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, light-duty automotive sales increased over the same periods in 2006 primarily due to higher pricing for the 2007 emission compliant product. Third quarter total light-duty automotive unit shipments increased over the same period driven by higher shipments to Chrysler of approximately 13,100 units, or a 42 percent increase compared to the third quarter of 2006. Global engine shipments to recreational vehicle OEMs decreased for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared with the same periods in 2006, as a result of increased engine purchases in 2006 ahead of the 2007 change in emissions standards. 

 Industrial

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, industrial sales increased in most markets over the same periods in 2006 primarily due to stronger demand in those markets. A summary and discussion of changes in Industrial unit sales by market follows:
 

 

 

Industrial Unit Shipments by Market

 

 

Percent Change 2007 vs. 2006

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Nine Months Ended

 

 

 

North American

 

International

 

Global

 

North American

 

International

 

Global

 

 

 

Agriculture

 

13

%

20

%

14

%

(8

)%

3

%

(6

)%

Construction

(6

)%

39

%

16

%

1

%

31

%

16

%

Government

28

%

132

%

60

%

30

%

183

%

75

%

Marine

(38

)%

28

%

11

%

(11

)%

25

%

15

%

Mining

(11

)%

25

%

16

%

(2

)%

27

%

19

%

Oil & Gas

 

3

%

(50

)%

2

%

5

%

124

%

7

%

Rail

 

142

%

(10

)%

10

%

268

%

35

%

51

%

Total unit shipments

 

(2

)%

37

%

16

%

(1

)%

30

%

14

%

The total percent of shipments to North America in 2007 were 44 percent and 46 percent as compared to 52 percent and 53 percent in 2006 for the three and nine month periods,  respectively.  The overall quarterly and year-to-date change in the geographic sales mix is due to the continued strength of the international construction market which is being driven by strong demand in Europe, East Asia, and Latin America. The international mining market demand is up as the strength in commodity prices is driving investment in mining capacity.  Sales to the oil and gas market and the commercial marine market have increased as sustained oil and natural gas prices continue to drive activity and investments in new equipment and offshore supply vessels.  Commercial marine also experienced share gains in the third quarter of 2007.   The rail market is up due to increased demand in North America for the three months ended, September 30, 2007, and both North America and China for the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  The government market is up due to increased North American demand in the third quarter of 2007.
 

Stationary Power

The increase in sales to stationary power markets for the three and nine months ended, September 30, 2007, is due to the increased net sales to our Power Generation segment.  These net sales are eliminated in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings.  See the Power Generation Results for a discussion of the increase in net sales. 

Updated Outlook for 2007

Based on the strong performance in the first nine months of 2007, we now expect Engine segment net sales to increase approximately 7 percent for the year.  In addition to the sustainable demand in all of our industrial markets, our forecasted revenue from on-highway markets has improved based on market share gains.  Segment earnings for the full year are now expected to be within the targeted range of 7 to 10 percent of sales.

Power Generation Results and Updated Outlook

Three and Nine Months Ended - 2007 versus 2006

Financial data for the Power Generation segment was as follows:

 

 

Three Months Ended

 

Favorable/ (Unfavorable)

 

Nine Months Ended

 

Favorable/ (Unfavorable)

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

 

 

September 30,

 

October 1,

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2007

 

2006

 

Amount

 

Percent

 

2007

 

2006

 

Amount

 

Percent

 

 

 

                $ in millions

 

 

 

              $ in millions

 

 

 

External sales

$

594

$

487

$

107

22

%

$

1,730

$

1,365

$

365

27

Intersegment sales

182

137

45

33

%

490

393

97

25

%

   Net sales

776

624

152

24

%

2,220

1,758

462

26

%

Investee equity, royalty and other income

5

4

1

25

 %

12

10

2

20

%

Interest income

1

2

(1

)

(50

)%

4

5

(1

)

(20

)%

Segment EBIT

83

57

26

46

%

248

158

90

57

%