Quarterly report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)

OPERATING SEGMENTS

v3.23.1
OPERATING SEGMENTS
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2023
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
OPERATING SEGMENTS
NOTE 17. OPERATING SEGMENTS
Operating segments under GAAP are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM), or decision-making group, in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. Our CODM is the Chief Executive Officer.
Our reportable operating segments consist of Components, Engine, Distribution, Power Systems and Accelera. This reporting structure is organized according to the products and markets each segment serves. The Components segment sells filtration products, aftertreatment systems, turbochargers, electronics, fuel systems, automated transmissions, axles, drivelines, brakes and suspension systems. The Engine segment produces engines (15 liters and smaller) and associated parts for sale to customers in on-highway and various off-highway markets. Our engines are used in trucks of all sizes, buses and recreational vehicles, as well as in various industrial applications, including construction, agriculture, power generation systems and other off-highway applications. The Distribution segment includes wholly-owned and partially-owned distributorships engaged in wholesaling engines, generator sets and service parts, as well as performing service and repair activities on our products and maintaining relationships with various OEMs throughout the world. The Power Systems segment is an integrated power provider, which designs, manufactures and sells engines (16 liters and larger) for industrial applications (including mining, oil and gas, marine and rail), standby and prime power generator sets, alternators and other power components. The Accelera segment designs, manufactures, sells and supports hydrogen production solutions as well as electrified power systems with innovative components and subsystems, including battery, fuel cell and electric powertrain technologies. The Accelera segment is currently in the early stages of commercializing these technologies with efforts primarily focused on the development of our electrolyzers for hydrogen production and electrified power systems and related components and subsystems. We continue to serve all our markets as they adopt electrification and alternative power technologies, meeting the needs of our OEM partners and end customers.
We use segment earnings or losses before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation and amortization and noncontrolling interests (EBITDA) as the primary basis for the CODM to evaluate the performance of each of our reportable operating segments. We believe EBITDA is a useful measure of our operating performance as it assists investors and debt holders in comparing our performance on a consistent basis without regard to financing methods, capital structure, income taxes or depreciation and amortization methods, which can vary significantly depending upon many factors. Segment amounts exclude certain expenses not specifically identifiable to segments.
The accounting policies of our operating segments are the same as those applied in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. We prepared the financial results of our operating segments on a basis that is consistent with the manner in which we internally disaggregate financial information to assist in making internal operating decisions. We allocate certain common costs and expenses, primarily corporate functions, among segments differently than we would for stand-alone financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP. These include certain costs and expenses of shared services, such as information technology, human resources, legal, finance and supply chain management. We do not allocate gains or losses of corporate owned life insurance and certain filtration separation costs to individual segments. EBITDA may not be consistent with measures used by other companies.
Summarized financial information regarding our reportable operating segments for the three months ended is shown in the table below:
In millions Components Engine Distribution Power Systems Accelera Total Segments
Three months ended March 31, 2023    
External sales $ 3,043  $ 2,252  $ 2,399  $ 679  $ 80  $ 8,453 
Intersegment sales 514  734  7  664  5  1,924 
Total sales 3,557  2,986  2,406  1,343  85  10,377 
Research, development and engineering expenses 91  134  14  63  48  350 
Equity, royalty and interest income (loss) from investees 21  65  24  13  (4) 119 
Interest income 6  3  7  2  —  18 
Segment EBITDA 507 
(1)
 457  335  219  (94) 1,424 
Depreciation and amortization(2)
123  51  28  29  14  245 
Three months ended March 31, 2022    
External sales $ 1,517  $ 2,049  $ 2,111  $ 683  $ 25  $ 6,385 
Intersegment sales 471  704  6  477  6  1,664 
Total sales 1,988  2,753  2,117  1,160  31  8,049 
Research, development and engineering expenses 76  109  13  64  36  298 
Equity, royalty and interest income (loss) from investees 28  42 
(3)
 16  11  (1) 96 
Interest income 1  4  2  1  —  8 
Russian suspension costs(4)
6  32 
(5)
 100  20  —  158 
Segment EBITDA 320  390  110  90  (65) 845 
Depreciation and amortization(2)
43  51  28  31  7  160 
(1) Includes $12 million of costs associated with the planned separation of our filtration business.
(2) Depreciation and amortization, as shown on a segment basis, excludes the amortization of debt discount and deferred costs included in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income as interest expense. The amortization of debt discount and deferred costs was $1 million and $1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and March 31, 2022, respectively. A portion of depreciation expense is included in research, development and engineering expenses.
(3) Includes a $28 million impairment of our joint venture with KAMAZ and $3 million of royalty charges as part of our costs associated with the suspension of our Russian operations. See NOTE 15, "RUSSIAN OPERATIONS," to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
(4) See NOTE 15, "RUSSIAN OPERATIONS," to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.
(5) Includes $31 million of Russian suspension costs reflected in the equity, royalty and interest income (loss) from investees line above.
A reconciliation of our segment information to the corresponding amounts in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income is shown in the table below:
Three months ended
  March 31,
In millions 2023 2022
TOTAL SEGMENT EBITDA $ 1,424  $ 845 
Intersegment eliminations and other(1)
(63) (90)
Less:
Interest expense 87  17 
Depreciation and amortization 245  160 
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES $ 1,029  $ 578 
(1)Intersegment eliminations and other included $6 million and $17 million of costs associated with the planned separation of our filtration business for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022.